1851
The Immortal Game
London, 1851.
Adolf Anderssen and Lionel Kieseritzky played it as a casual game during the 1851 London tournament — not for a title, not for a record.
Anderssen gave up a bishop, then both rooks, then his queen, and delivered mate with three minor pieces against a materially overwhelming position.
An engine would not play it. That is exactly why it is remembered.